"Instead of giving a politician the keys to the city, it might be better to change the locks."
Doug Larson
Doug Larson
"'Foreign' hand behind Anna Hazare's anti-graft movement, the Congress" Times of India 17th August '11 - was the take of Congress over the gruesome yet peaceful protests by the Gandhian. 4 decades back another Gandhian Jayaprakash Narayan(popularly known as JP) protested over the increasing malevolence inside the Congress and its repercussions(JP movement). The same words were spoken by the then Prime Minister of India Mrs. Indira Gandhi and was described as the handiwork of external forces.
The year was 1971. India was as colourful and frolic as it is. Indira Gandhi won the election (the same year) by record margins. The opposition on the other hand did accuse them of malpractices in elections. Raj Narayan lodged a case against the PM for using state vehicles for election purposes at the Allahabad Court.
India was going through a lot the same time --> The Indo-Pak war, The Global Oil crisis. The illiteracy levels to farmers suicide –all were at a boom after 24 years of independence. The worst struck state of Bihar started satyagrahas to protest aginst the same under Jayaprakash Narayan(Gandhian and Marxist). Indira Gandhi already tarnished her public image by minting her “face-coins”. Meanwhile ,JP’s movement gained nationwide recognition.JP gathered hundred of thousands of people at the Ramila Grounds to rebuke the present government actions.
On 12th June 1975, Allahabad high court justice Jaganmohanlal sinha found the prime minister guilty on the charge of misuse of state vehicles for her election campaign. The court declared her election null and unseated her from her seat in Lok Sabha. The court also banned her from contesting any election for an additional six years. The Times described it as 'firing the Prime Minister for a traffic ticket (it is a notice by law enforcement official to a road user for violating the traffic laws)'.Mrs. Indira Gandhi was in lot of trouble as the Lower-House lost confidence in her , thus passed a no-confidence motion.25th June 1975 was the day the “no-confidence motion” was passed and the 26th June was when she was to resign.
The year was 1971. India was as colourful and frolic as it is. Indira Gandhi won the election (the same year) by record margins. The opposition on the other hand did accuse them of malpractices in elections. Raj Narayan lodged a case against the PM for using state vehicles for election purposes at the Allahabad Court.
India was going through a lot the same time --> The Indo-Pak war, The Global Oil crisis. The illiteracy levels to farmers suicide –all were at a boom after 24 years of independence. The worst struck state of Bihar started satyagrahas to protest aginst the same under Jayaprakash Narayan(Gandhian and Marxist). Indira Gandhi already tarnished her public image by minting her “face-coins”. Meanwhile ,JP’s movement gained nationwide recognition.JP gathered hundred of thousands of people at the Ramila Grounds to rebuke the present government actions.
On 12th June 1975, Allahabad high court justice Jaganmohanlal sinha found the prime minister guilty on the charge of misuse of state vehicles for her election campaign. The court declared her election null and unseated her from her seat in Lok Sabha. The court also banned her from contesting any election for an additional six years. The Times described it as 'firing the Prime Minister for a traffic ticket (it is a notice by law enforcement official to a road user for violating the traffic laws)'.Mrs. Indira Gandhi was in lot of trouble as the Lower-House lost confidence in her , thus passed a no-confidence motion.25th June 1975 was the day the “no-confidence motion” was passed and the 26th June was when she was to resign.
President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed declared a State of Emergency upon the advice of the Prime Minister on 26th June 1975, bringing the democracy "to a grinding halt". All opposition leaders including JP were arrested over-nite. Fundamental rights were withheld along with the power of press. She amended the Representation of the People Act and two other laws in such a retrospective manner to ensure that the Supreme Court had no other option but to overturn the Allahabad High Court verdict. When she felt the existing laws were too slow, she utilized the President to issue "extraordinary laws" (Ordinances) that bypassed Parliament altogether, allowing her to rule by decree. Many newspapers didn’t have the courage to defy the censorship, except a few like The Indian Express. On June 28th of the same year, The Indian Express carried a blank first editorial and the Financial Express reproduced in large type Rabindranath Tagore’s poem “Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high” concluding with the prayer “Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.” Also, she had little trouble in making amendments to the constitution that exonerated her from any culpability in her election fraud case, declaring President's Rule in Gujarat and Tamil Nadu where anti-Indira parties ruled (state legislatures were thereby dissolved and suspended indefinitely), and jailing thousands of opponents.
Accusations of the Emergency-era may be grouped as:
- Detention of people by police without charge or notification of families. According to Amnesty international lakhs of people protesting were killed and some 1.4 lakhs arrested.
- Abuse and torture of detainees and political prisoners. The famous Ranjan Case in which Ranjan an engineering student of Regional Engineering College was arrested by kerela police on March 1, 1976 and tortured to dead later to be disposed.
- Use of public and private media institutions, like the national television network Doordarsan, for propaganda.
- Forced sterilization of men and women under the family planning initiative. Indira's son, Sanjay Gandhi, was blamed for this forcible treatment of people.
- Destruction of the slum and low-income housing in the Turkmen Gate and Jama Masjid area of old Delhi.
- Large scale and illegal enactment of laws (including modifications to the Constitution) which shifted the country towards socialism.
This terrifying ordeal ended in January 23rd 1977 after the president dissolved the Lok Sabha. The Janata Party won full majority in the elections. Morarji Ranchhodji Desai became the first non-Congress party Prime Minister of India. In popular culture the smell of those murky days still linger. Satyajit Ray’s timeless classic Hirak Rajar Deshe was a satire on the Emergency.
Source: Internet and Aaj Tak(watched an documentary there on the emergency of 1975)
Thanking the Reader Munai "Venom" Das Udasin